Physics
Mechanics, electricity, waves, fields, thermal, nuclear & particle physics.
108 formulas
Mechanics & Motion
SUVAT — final velocity
Final velocity from initial velocity, acceleration and time.
SUVAT — displacement
Displacement from initial velocity, acceleration and time.
SUVAT — v² = u² + 2as
Time-independent SUVAT relation.
SUVAT — s = ½(u+v)t
Displacement using average velocity (constant acceleration).
Weight
Weight equals Mass times Grav. field strength.
Density
Density equals Mass times Volume.
v² = u² + 2as
v² = u² + 2as
s = ut + ½at²
s = ut + ½at²
s = ½(u+v)t
s = ½(u+v)t
Forces, Work & Energy
Newton's Second Law
Resultant force equals mass times acceleration.
Weight
Weight is the gravitational force on a mass.
Work done
Work done by a constant force at angle θ to displacement.
Kinetic Energy
Translational kinetic energy of a body.
Gravitational PE (near Earth)
Change in gravitational potential energy near the Earth's surface.
Power
Rate of energy transfer.
Efficiency
Efficiency as a percentage.
Hooke's Law
Restoring force in a spring is proportional to extension within the elastic limit.
Elastic Potential Energy
Energy stored in a spring obeying Hooke's law.
Density
Mass per unit volume of a substance.
Pressure (force per area)
Pressure is the force applied normal to a surface per unit area.
Hydrostatic Pressure
Pressure due to a column of fluid of depth h and density ρ.
Moment of a Force
Turning effect of a force about a pivot, where d is the perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force.
Pressure
Pressure equals Force times Area.
Hydrostatic pressure
Pressure at depth h in a fluid of density ρ.
Kinetic energy
Kinetic energy
Gravitational PE (near surface)
Gravitational PE (near surface)
Power
Power equals Energy times Time.
Work done
Work equals Force times Distance.
Efficiency
Efficiency (%) as a percentage.
Momentum & Impulse
Circular Motion & Gravitation
Centripetal Acceleration
Acceleration of a body in uniform circular motion, directed towards the centre.
Centripetal Force
Net inward force required for circular motion.
Newton's Law of Gravitation
Gravitational force between two point masses.
Gravitational field strength
Field strength at a distance r from a point mass M.
Orbital Speed
Speed of a body in circular orbit at radius r.
Kepler's Third Law
Orbital period squared is proportional to radius cubed.
Centripetal acceleration
Centripetal acceleration
Centripetal force
Centripetal force
Newton's law of gravitation
Newton's law of gravitation
Escape velocity
Escape velocity
Kepler's third law
Kepler's third law
SHM & Waves
Wave equation
Wave speed equals frequency times wavelength.
Period & Frequency
Period is the reciprocal of frequency.
Angular frequency
Angular frequency in radians per second.
SHM displacement
Displacement of a body in simple harmonic motion (starting at amplitude).
Period of a pendulum
Period of a simple pendulum (small angles).
Mass-spring period
Period of a mass on a spring.
Snell's Law
Refraction at the boundary between two media.
Double-slit fringe spacing
Fringe spacing in Young's double-slit experiment.
SHM angular frequency
SHM angular frequency
SHM period (mass-spring)
SHM period (mass-spring)
SHM period (pendulum)
SHM period (pendulum)
Wave speed
Speed equals Frequency times Wavelength.
Snell's law
Snell's law
Thin lens equation
Thin lens equation
Doppler shift (sound, source moving)
Doppler shift (sound, source moving)
Diffraction grating
Diffraction grating
Electricity & Circuits
Ohm's Law
Voltage equals current times resistance.
Charge
Charge equals current times time.
Electrical Power
Power dissipated by a component.
Resistivity
Resistance of a conductor of uniform cross section.
EMF & Internal Resistance
EMF equals current times total circuit resistance.
Capacitance
Charge stored per unit voltage.
Energy in a capacitor
Energy stored in a capacitor.
Charge
Charge equals Current times Time.
Ohm's law
P.D. equals Current times Resistance.
Electrical power
Power equals P.D. times Current.
Electrical power (I²R)
Electrical power (I²R)
Resistivity
Resistivity
Capacitor energy
Capacitor energy
Capacitor charge
Capacitor charge
Electric & Magnetic Fields
Coulomb's Law
Electrostatic force between two point charges.
E-field in parallel plates
Uniform electric field between parallel plates.
Force on a current-carrying wire
Force on a length of wire in a magnetic field.
Force on a moving charge
Magnetic force on a charge moving perpendicular to B.
Faraday's Law
Induced EMF equals rate of change of flux linkage.
Transformer equation
Ideal transformer voltage ratio.
Coulomb's law
Coulomb's law
Transformer ratio
Transformer ratio
Force on current carrier
Force on a current-carrying wire perpendicular to B.
Thermal Physics & Gases
Specific Heat Capacity
Energy to change the temperature of a mass.
Specific Latent Heat
Energy required to change state.
Ideal Gas Equation
Equation of state for an ideal gas.
Specific heat capacity
Specific heat capacity
Latent heat
Heat equals Mass times Specific latent heat.
Ideal gas (pV=nRT)
Ideal gas (pV=nRT)
Nuclear & Particle
Radioactive decay
Number of undecayed nuclei after time t.
Half-life
Relationship between half-life and decay constant.
Mass–Energy
Rest mass-energy equivalence.
Mass-energy equivalence
Mass-energy equivalence
Radioactive decay
Radioactive decay
Half-life and decay constant
Half-life and decay constant
Quantum & Photons
Photon energy
Energy of a photon.
Photoelectric equation
Einstein's photoelectric equation.
de Broglie wavelength
Matter-wave wavelength of a particle of momentum p.
Photon energy
Photon energy
Photon energy (wavelength)
Photon energy (wavelength)
Photoelectric equation
Photoelectric equation
de Broglie wavelength
de Broglie wavelength
Astrophysics
Hubble's Law
Recession velocity of distant galaxies.
Stefan–Boltzmann Law
Luminosity of a black-body sphere.
Wien's Displacement Law
Peak wavelength of black-body emission.
Stefan-Boltzmann law
Stefan-Boltzmann law
Wien's displacement law
Wien's displacement law
Hubble's law
Hubble's law