FPractice Formulas
Subjects / Biology

Biology

Genetics, ecology, microscopy, statistics and physiology calculations.

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Microscopy & Cells

Microscope magnification

Magnification = image size ÷ actual size.

In booklet

Magnification

Magnification equals Image size times Actual size.

In booklet

Genetics & Hardy–Weinberg

Hardy–Weinberg (alleles)

Allele frequencies sum to 1.

In booklet

Hardy–Weinberg (genotypes)

Genotype frequencies under HWE.

In booklet

Hardy-Weinberg q²

Hardy-Weinberg q²

In booklet

Hardy-Weinberg p+q=1

Hardy-Weinberg p+q=1

In booklet

Ecology & Diversity

Simpson's Diversity Index

Higher D = greater diversity (single species).

In booklet

Lincoln index (mark-recapture)

Lincoln index (mark-recapture)

In booklet

Simpson's diversity index

Simpson's diversity index

In booklet

Statistical Tests

Chi-squared statistic

One term of the chi-squared sum.

In booklet

Standard error

Standard error

In booklet

Physiology

Cardiac output

Cardiac output = heart rate × stroke volume.

SA:Vol of a sphere

Surface area to volume ratio of a sphere.

Body mass index

Body mass index from mass and height.

Surface area : volume (cube)

Surface area : volume (cube)

Cardiac output

Cardiac output

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Mass divided by the square of height — a screening measure of relative body weight (kg/m²).

Water potential

Water potential

In booklet

Osmotic pressure

Osmotic pressure

Michaelis-Menten

Michaelis-Menten