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Business & Accounting

Break-even, ratios, depreciation, NPV and investment appraisal.

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Costing & Break-even

Break-even output

Units to sell to cover all fixed costs.

In booklet

Contribution per unit

Selling price minus variable cost.

Margin of safety

Buffer between current sales and break-even.

Break-even units

Break-even units

In booklet

Contribution per unit

Contribution equals Price minus Variable cost.

In booklet

Margin of safety (%)

MoS (%) as a percentage.

Capacity utilisation

CU (%) as a percentage.

Financial Ratios

Return on Capital Employed

Profitability of capital used.

Current Ratio

Short-term liquidity measure.

Acid-test ratio

Liquidity excluding inventory.

Gearing

Long-term debt as a share of capital.

Gross profit margin

GPM (%) as a percentage.

In booklet

Net profit margin

NPM (%) as a percentage.

In booklet

ROCE

ROCE (%) as a percentage.

In booklet

Current ratio

Current ratio equals Current assets divided by Current liabilities.

In booklet

Acid test ratio

Acid test ratio

Labour turnover

LT (%) as a percentage.

Market share

MS (%) as a percentage.

Gearing ratio

Gearing ratio

Investment Appraisal

Average Rate of Return

Investment appraisal — accounting return.

Payback period (even cashflow)

Payback period (even cashflow)

Average Rate of Return

Average Rate of Return

Depreciation

Straight-line depreciation

Depreciation per year.

Straight-line depreciation

Straight-line depreciation

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